Frequency of biliary complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of biliary complications, specifically bile leak and post-cholecystectomy syndrome, following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and to assess their associations with demographic variables. Study Design: Prospective Observational Study. Setting: Department of General Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Period: March 2021 to February 2022. Methods: A total of 171 patients aged 20–60 years undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled through convenience sampling. Patients were followed for six months to assess for bile leak and post-cholecystectomy syndrome. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24, and associations with demographic variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. Results: Bile leak occurred in 19 patients (11.1%) and post-cholecystectomy Out of 171 patients, bile leakage occurred in 19 cases (11.1%) and post-cholecystectomy syndrome in 32 cases (18.7%). Bile leakage was observed in 11 males (14.1%) and 8 females (8.6%), while post-cholecystectomy syndrome was noted in 14 males (17.9%) and 19 females (19.4%). Across BMI categories, bile leak was reported in 6 patients (15.4%) with BMI 20–23, 11 (9.9%) with BMI 24–27, and 2 (9.5%) with BMI 28–30. Post-cholecystectomy syndrome was most common in the 28–30 BMI group (6 patients, 28.6%). None of the associations with age, gender, or BMI were statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Biliary complications following laparoscopic cholecystectomy were relatively infrequent and showed no significant association with demographic variables.