DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2;

Pattern of dyslipidemias

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the pattern dyslipidimia in patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study
Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: This study was carried out in General Medicine department of Peoples Medical
University & Hospital Nawabshah and Civil Hospital Karachi, from June 2011 to July 2012. Methodology: This study consisted of seventy
patients. Detailed history was taken from all the patients with special regard to increased thirst and frequent urination, increased hunger,
weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing sores or frequent infections and an areas of darkened skin. Inclusion criteria were that all
patients after counseling for study and taking written consent were included in this study >35 years of age with either sex admitted in
general medicine ward through outpatient department and diagnosed as case of DM type 2 on the basis of history , clinical examination
and investigations. Exclusion criteria included patients on dialysis, patients on lipid lowering agents, patients with acute complication of
diabetes mellitus such as diabetic keto-acidosis, patients suffering from hypothyroidism, nephritic syndrome, type 1 DM and HTN, lacticacidosis
and hypoglycemia. Results were prepared with the help of tables and graphs. Data was analyzed through SPSS software.
Results: Out of 70 patients included in this study 46 were men (65.8%) and 24 patients were female (34.2%); with male to female ratio of
1.9:1. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 35 year to 75 year. The mean age was 48.65+7.8 years. Mean total
serum cholesterol was 196.04 ± 44.02mg/dl, mean serum triglycerides was 193.04 ± 108.64 mg/dl , mean high density lipoprotein
29.28 ± 8.48mg/dl, mean low density lipoprotein 125.24 ± 39.68mg/dl and mean very low density lipoprotein was 31.28 ± 8.48 mg/dl.
Total cholesterol was abnormal (>200mg/dl) in 56(80%) patients out of 70[ 21(87.5%) were females and 35 (76.1%) were males],
Triglycerides was abnormal (>150mg/dl) in 62(88.5%) patients [ 22 (91.66 %) were females and 40 (86.95%) were males], high density
lipoprotein was abnormal (< 35 mg/dl) in 51(72.8%) patients[ 18(75%) were females and 33(71.73%) were males], LDL was abnormal
(>130 mg/dl) in 40(57.1%) patients [ 17 (70.83%) were females and 23(50%) were males] and VLDL was abnormal (> 30 mg/dl) in
47(67.14%) patients [19(79.16%) were females and 28(60.86%) were males]. Conclusions: We conclude that dyslipidemia is common
among type 2 diabetic patients. Males are more prone to suffer from this complication. Patterns of dyslipidemia found more commonly
were decreased HDL levels, increased LDL and Triglycerides levels. There is a need for early detection and treatment of this problem to
prevent type 2 diabetic complications .