Paternal depression in Pakistan: An overlooked concern.

Abstract

Paternal depression, though gaining global attention, remains a largely overlooked issue in Pakistan, where cultural norms and societal expectations often discourage fathers from expressing emotional vulnerability. This commentary examines the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of paternal depression in Pakistan, drawing comparisons with international studies. Emerging evidence suggests that paternal depression in Pakistan may be more prevalent than previously thought, with similar rates found in other low- and middle-income countries. Key risk factors identified include financial stress, relationship difficulties, and lack of social support, all of which are particularly pronounced in Pakistan’s socio-economic and cultural context. The impact of paternal depression extends beyond the father, influencing family dynamics, child development, and maternal mental health. Children of depressed fathers are more likely to experience behavioral and emotional challenges, while the mother’s mental health may also deteriorate due to the added burden. This paper advocates for increased awareness, culturally sensitive interventions, and the integration of mental health screenings for fathers within maternal and child health services. Addressing paternal depression is crucial for improving family well-being, child development, and long-term public health outcomes in Pakistan.