PATTERN OF MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA

A FIVE YEARS STUDY OF 3360 CASES

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the local
population. Study Design: Retrospective clinical and epidemiologic study. Period: January
2009 to December 2013. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Methods: 3360 patients reported for
maxillofacial injuries. A number of parameters, including age, gender, facial bone fractures,
laceration on face, injury of trigeminal and facial nerve branches, sensory and motor deficit in
relation to soft tissue trauma and bone fracture, were evaluated. Results: Males were dominant
and male to female ratio was 6.3:1. Patients of 3rd decade were more and constitute 63.2%.
Road traffic accident was the common etiological factor (78%). Mandible fracture was dominant
and it was present in 1591 patients (47.7%). Soft tissue laceration frequency was high in cheek
region and was 13.7%. Sensory deficit (Trigeminal nerve injury) was present in 1167 patients
(34.7%). Motor deficit (Facial nerve injury) was present in 249 patients (6.83%). Nerve injuries
in relation to mandible fracture were common. Conclusion: Road traffic accident was the most
common etiological factor and mandible fracture was common. Trigeminal nerve injuries were
common and frequency of nerve injuries was high in relation to mandible fracture.