Non-adherence to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in poorly controlled type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Objective: To access non-adherence to self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) in poorly controlled type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Prospective Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hayat Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: July 2023 to January 2024. Methods: The study comprised 296 patients, 50 patients had type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and 246 had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Participants were selected based on defined criteria of poor glycemic control characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and raised HbA1c. SMBG profile was assessed and common factors recorded. Results: The patient mean age was 60 years with a standard deviation of 9.8. Non-adherence to SMBG was observed in 45.94%. Non-adherence to SMBG was 40% in Type 1 DM whereas in Type 2 DM it was 47.15%. Factors responsible for non-adherence were, not knowing about SMBG (60%), lack of glucometer (54%), the uselessness of SMBG (36%), costly strips (80%), inability to check SMBG (50%), painful procedure (30%), and SMBG inconvenient (40%). Short history of diabetes (55%) T2DM (47.15%), Illiteracy (52.94%), negative family history of diabetes (51%), and poor economic condition (73.52%) were common predictors. Conclusion: The research gives an important insight in to the demography, treatment modalities, non-adherence and adherence to self-monitoring blood glucose testing, various factors responsible and predicting non-adherence to SMBG.