Glycemic control and risk factors of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: A single center experience from Pakistan.

Authors

  • Jawahar Lal Langhani Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
  • Zaheer Udin Babar Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
  • Sunil Kumar Dodani Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
  • Fakhir Raza Haidri Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
  • Maryam Mushtaq Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
  • Asma Nasim Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29309/TPMJ/2024.31.11.8072

Keywords:

Covid-19, Diabetes, Developing Countries, Mortality, Risk Factors

Abstract

Objective: To highlight the effect of COVID-19 and DM on each other by studying glycemic control and risk factors for mortality. Study Design: Retrospective Observational Review. Setting: Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation Karachi Pakistan. Period: March 2020 till March 2021. Methods: Covid-19 diagnosed patients admitted were enrolled. They were divided into DM and non-DM. Demographics, clinical variables and outcome were compared. Glycemic control during hospitalization was noted. Fasting glucose level >120 mg/dl, and random >200 mg/dl were considered as poor glycemic control. Survivors and non- survivors among DM patients were compared. Results: A total of 366 patients were included, 113(30.87%) DM and 253(69.12%) non-DM. Mean age was higher in DM group (58yrs vs 49.6yrs p <0.001). Significantly more patients with hypertension (p <0.001) and ischemic heart disease (p=0.001) developed Covid-19 in DM group. There was no difference in mortality (p = 0.295). In DM patients, the significant risk factors for mortality were age >60years, hypertension and chronic kidney disease. The mean high fasting and pre-dinner blood glucose levels at admission and day 5 were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with advanced age, hypertension and chronic kidney disease were associated with increased risk of death. More attention should be focused on dynamic monitoring and strict glycemic control as uncontrolled diabetes is associated with severe infection and mortality.

Author Biographies

Jawahar Lal Langhani, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

FCPS (Medicine), Assistant Professor Internal Medicine, 

Zaheer Udin Babar, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

FCPS (Medicine), FCPS (Infectious Disease), Assistant Professor Infectious Disease, 

Sunil Kumar Dodani, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

FCPS (Medicine), FCPS (Infectious Disease), Associate Professor Infectious Disease, 

Fakhir Raza Haidri, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

MBBS, MCPS (Pulmonology), FCPS, Consultant and Head Critical Care Medicine, 

Maryam Mushtaq, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

MBBS, Resident Medical Officer, 

Asma Nasim, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.

FCPS (Medicine), FCPS (Infectious Disease), Associate Professor Infectious Disease, 

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Published

2024-11-03