Analysis of intraocular pressure in healthy individuals and type 2 diabetes patients with and without diabetic retinopathy: A comparative study.

Abstract

Objective: To compare intraocular pressure between normal subjects and Type 2 diabetics with and without diabetic retinopathy. Study Design: Comparative study. Setting: Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan. Period: June 2021 to December 2021. Material & Methods: The ages ranged from 45 to 75 years old. The blood glucose level, intraocular pressure, and indirect ophthalmoscopy were measured between 9:00 am and 11:00 am with an iCare tonometer and an ophthalmoscope. The data were analyzed in SPSS 23.0. Results: A total of 112 participants were included. The average intraocular pressure (IOP) in both eyes of individuals with type 2 diabetes and no diabetic retinopathy is slightly higher than in the non-diabetic population, but the difference is not statistically significant (p>0.05). Group A was composed of 16 males (50.0%) and 16 females (50.0%), while group B had 13 males (40.6%) and 19 females (59.3%). In group C, there were 19 males (59.3%) and 13 females (40.6%), and in group D, 7 males (43.7%) and 9 females (56.2%). All female participants were in the post-menopausal phase. Conclusion: In the study, researchers found that the intraocular pressure of diabetics was higher than non-diabetics. Diabetes progression reduced intraocular pressure in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and increased it in proliferative diabetic retinopathy relative to the former, but the difference was not statistically significant.