Blood miRNA signature in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus? Possible futuristic molecular biomarkers.

Abstract

The disease burden associated with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) on a daily basis, which makes it necessary to develop new diagnostic modalities for T2DM. The recently emerging molecular biomarkers have high predictive potential, enhanced diagnostic efficacy, therapeutic efficacy, and ability to assess progression to complications. In recent times we have some epigenetic biomarkers like miRNAs which have shown some promise in various diseases including T2DM. There are recent reports that some epigenetic biomarkers, including miRNA have the predicting the onset of various diseases including T2DM. Recent data highlight the diagnostic potential of miRNAs in the diagnosis, associated pharmacogenomics, and assessment of various microvascular and macrovascular complications in T2DM. The existing literature was reviewed as per a defined methodology, and the studies on the miRNAs in the blood samples of patients with diabetes were finally included herein. The review identified the miRNAs that are upregulated and downregulated across various stages of T2DM. A T2DM miRNA signature was finally identified, which needs to be further validated by replicative data obtained from high-quality trials or advanced sequencing techniques for confirmation or annulment.