The frequency and risk factors associated with the development of knee and hip osteoarthritis of the intact limb after unilateral lower limb amputation at PIPOS Bannu.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors associated with the development of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip joints of the intact limbs after unilateral amputation of the lower extremities with PIPOS Bannu. Study Design: Cross Sectional. Setting: Pakistan Institute for Prosthetics and Orthotics (PIPOS). Period: June 2019 to November 2019. Material & Methods: The presence of osteoarthritis (OA) was determined by a standardized questionnaire, primarily based on laboratory tests/physical examination. Participants were evaluated by experts who diagnosed symptomatic hip and knee OA using a structured questionnaire and standardized joint tests based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) clinical standards. Individuals who tested positive were tested by a rheumatologist, who checked for the presence of clinical ACR criteria to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Data is analyzed by SPSS 21. The average age of the patients was 38.12 ± 14.82 years. Of the total of 150 patients, 131 (87.3%) were male and 19 (12.7%) were female. According to the degree of amputation, 79.3% (n = 119) patients were traumatic and 20.7% (n = 31) were non-traumatic limbs. The incidence of knee osteoarthritis is 9.3% (9.3% for men and 0.0% for women) and 4.0% for hip osteoarthritis (2.7% for men and 1.3% for women), both in hip and knee osteoarthritis. 2.7% (2.0% for men and 0.7% for women). Conclusion: According to this study, traumatic and non-traumatic lower limb amputees are more likely to develop knee and hip osteoarthritis in the intact lower limb. Demographics and patient characteristics are major risk factors for osteoarthritis.