Correlation of HBA 1C and duration of diabetes mellitus with grades of diabetic foot.

Abstract

Objective: To find the correlation of HbA 1c and duration of diabetes mellitus with grades of diabetic foot according to Wagner classification. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. Period: May 2020 to April 2021. Material & Methods: 100 patients of 25-65 years of age with diabetic foot who presented in OPD or emergency department were included in study. Wounds of the diabetic foot were graded according to Wagner classification. HbA1c (Glycosylated haemoglobin) level was measured and duration of diabetes mellitus was calculated. SPSS Version 20 was used to analyze the data. Correlation of HbA1c and duration of diabetes mellitus with grades of diabetic foot was calculated and the chi- square test was applied, and results were considered significant where p value was ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean age was 51.46 ± 10.51. There were 70 male patients and 30 female patients. Mean value of HbA1c was 8.31±2.02. Neuropathy (52%) was the most common among risk factors for diabetic foot. Correlation between level of HbA1c and grades of diabetic foot was not significant (p value of 0.346). There was significant correlation between duration of disease and Wagner grades (p value was 0.003). Conclusion: Severity of diabetic foot is not correlated with HbA1c level but it is significantly related with duration of DM. Peripheral neuropathy is the main risk factor for diabetic foot.