ASSESSMENT OF RENAL FUNCTIONS DURING 1ST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

Abstract

Design: A Case Control Study. Purpose: 1. To obtain basic
information about the serum levels of different metabolic nitrogenous end products during pregnancy. 2.To
determine the renal function alterations during 1 trimester of st normal pregnancy under local conditions. Study
Period: Study was done at Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur during the year 1999-2000. Material
& methods: Subjects in group-B having normal pregnancy of 1st trimester was taken. No restriction on diet,
fluid intake, socioeconomic status or physical activity was imposed. Pregnant woman having hypertension, renal
disease, diabetes & any other complication like toxemia of pregnancy were excluded from this study. Diagnosis
was carried out on the basis of history, physical examination and local examination performed by the
gynaecologist and on laboratory investigation. In control group-A age matched subjects without pregnancy were
selected from general population. Most of the controls were selected amongst the students and staff member
of QAMC, Bahawalpur. In this group 26 subjects were taken. Renal function was assessed from 24 hours urine
collection & morning blood serum samples and the values of creatinine clearance were corrected for body
surface area in each case. Data was analysed by SPSS processor. Results: In this study total 44 females were
included. (group-A (control) 26 Non-pregnant women & group-B (case) 18 pregnant women in their 1st
trimester) the rise in GFR (endogenous creatinine clearance) & urinary levels of creatinine was high in case as
compared to control group. A small difference in urine specific gravity & urine volume was observed in two
groups. A statistically significant change was observed. However the endogenous creatinine clearance (ECC)
showed a great variability. Biochemical Parameters: Table-III gives the mean value ± SD of serum levels of
creatinine, urea, uric acid, glucose and albumin in control (Non-pregnant women) & case (pregnant woman in
1st trimester).Serum level of creatinine, uric acid & albumin was found to decrease in pregnant women. Serum
glucose level tends to increase in pregnant women group.