Breast carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of 90 cases.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinicopathological features of breast carcinoma in the local population based on age, menopausal status, laterality, tumor site, tumor size, histological subtype, and histological grading of breast carcinoma. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: University of Health Sciences (U.H.S), Lahore. Period: 6 months (June 2017-Dec 2017) after approval from the ethical committee of U.H.S. Material & Methods: In this study, the clinicopathological profile of 90 female patients of breast carcinoma was evaluated from different tertiary care hospitals and U.H.S, Lahore. Histological diagnosis and histological grading was then carried out and were analyzed statistically through SPSS 21.0.  Associations between the histological grade and other parameters were established using the Chi-square test. Results: The mean age of patients was 48.44±11.64 with 33.3% of patients younger than 40 years of age and 58.9% of women were found pre-menopausal. The left breast was more involved (65.6%) than the right side, upper outer quadrant of the breast was the commonest site (64.4%), and the majority of the tumors (76%) were more than 2 cm in size. All 90 cases were histologically diagnosed as invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST). Nottingham histological grade-II was observed as the commonest grade (54.4%) followed by grade- III (31.1%). Histological grade was significantly associated with the tumor size (p-value=0.000, Chi-square value= 29.17). Conclusions: Breast cancer is mostly reported in younger premenopausal women in our region. Delay in the diagnosis is most likely related to larger tumor sizes and moderate to poor histological grades.