Correlation of renal function tests with early onset neonatal sepsis.

Abstract

Early onset neonatal sepsis is invariably very common and serious problem worldwide, especially it is one of the important etiological factor for deaths of neonates in Pakistan. Acute renal failure is frequently seen in neonates with sepsis. Objectives: The aim of present study was to determine the correlation of renal function tests (Blood Urea and creatinine) with early onset neonatal sepsis. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Paediatric Medicine Sir Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore. Period: Six months from 20th March to 20th September 2018. Material & Methods: Total 300 cases of neonatal sepsis with acute renal failure were included in this study after taking informed consent from the parents. Cases selection was done with help of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Daily blood urea and serum creatinine were calculated from birth to first 7 days of life. If any of blood urea or serum creatinine was deranged, the neonate was labelled as having acute renal failure. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Mean age of all cases was 2.82±1.56 days. The minimum and maximum age limits of the neonates were 1 and 7 days respectively. Gender distribution of neonate showed that 57% of the neonates were male and 43% were females. At the 2^nd day of life, mean serum creatinine level was 1.12±0.39, at 3^rd day 1.19±0.51, at 4^th day 1.41±0.38, at 5^th day 1.33±0.39, at 6^th day 1.19±0.39, and at 7^th day mean serum creatinine level was 1.09±0.31 respectively. At 2^nd day of birth mean blood urea was 54.82±34.77, at 3^rd day59.50±28.22 at 4^th day 74.94±30.37, at 5^th day 67.09±26.94, at 6^th day 56.09±25.76, at 7^th day mean blood urea level was 47.66±22.47 respectively. Frequency of acute renal failure was observed in 28.3% of the neonates while the remaining 71.7% of neonates did not suffer from acute renal failure. Conclusion: Early onset neonatal sepsis contributes significantly to development of acute renal failure in neonates.