RENAL INVOLVEMENT IN ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS;

OUR POPULATION AT PRESENTATION AND ITS OUTCOME WITH FOLLOW UP FOR SIX MONTHS

Abstract

Objective: Acute renal failure is one of the important complications of acute gastroenteritis. Early intervention and proper fluid
replacement may lessen this risk. We conducted this observational study to see the renal involvement and its outcome in patients with acute
gastroenteritis. Design: Observational study. Setting: This study was done in three different hospitals which are tertiary care and teaching
hospitals. Period: May 2009 to September 2009. Material and Method: A total of 200 patients were included in this study who presented with
acute gastroenteritis. All patients were assessed properly for their clinical examination and laboratory tests including renal functions,
electrolytes and other routine tests were done and evaluated. These patients were treated either in Emergency department or indoor
departments. Only those patients were included in our study who met our inclusion criteria which was set before conducting study. Results: A
total of 200 patients were included in our study, among them 160 were male patients and 40 were female patients. At presentation 32 (16%)
patients had deranged renal functions, 18 (09%) patients had urea in range of 50-100mg/dL and creatinine in the range of 1.4-2.0mg/dL. 10
(05%) patients had urea in range of 101-150mg/dL and creatinine 2.1-3.5mg/dL. 04 (02%) patients had urea in range of 151-200mg/dL and
creatinine 3.6-7.0mg/dL. 12 patients were received in hypovolemic shock at presentation. After one week of follow up most of these patients
improved but 04 patients were deteriorated and put on renal replacement therapy. Patients who had their renal functions in normal range were
discharged from hospital and follow up of all these patients were continued for 6 months. It was observed that those patients which presented
late had more chances of renal involvement. Conclusions: Early referral and timely management with fluids and antimicrobials may reduce
risk of renal failure in patients with acute gastroenteritis.