Etiology and frequency of respiratory distress in neonates: A cross sectional study conducted in tertiary care hospital, Lahore.

Abstract

Respiratory distress in neonate defines as when rate of respiration is greater than sixty in one minute, nasal flaring, grunting and intercostal / sub coastal recession is present. Various causes are reported of respiratory distress in new born. Objectives: To determine frequency of respiratory distress in new born and to Find frequency of various etiologies of respiratory distress in full term newborn admitted up to the age of 24 hours of birth in Study Design: Cross sectional studies. Setting: Neonatal unit of Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Period: From February 10, 2016 till August 10, 2016. Material and Method: SPSS v-20 was used for analysis of data like name, age, sex, gestational age, maternal record of pregnancy and fetus for etiologies of respiratory distress. Results: There were 100(66.7%) male and 50(33.3%) females in this study. The mean gestational age of these newborn was 39.51±1.51 weeks. Respiratory distress was seen in 16(10.7%) of the cases. Transient tachypnea seen in 4(25%) of the cases, Meconium aspiration syndrome was diagnosed in 2(12.5%), Pneumothorax in 3(18.8%), Congenital pneumonia in 2 (12.5%), Sepsis in 6(37.5%) and Birth asphyxia 2 (12.5%) of early neonatal age were the common observed causes. Conclusion: Respiratory distress was 1/10 of the cases. The commonest etiologies were Sepsis preceding to Respiratory distress syndrome, MAS (Meconium Aspiration Syndrome), TTN (Transient Tacyhpnea of Newborn), Pneumothorax, Congenital pneumonia, Birth asphyxia.