Frequency of gestational trophoblastic disease at GMMMC Teaching Hospital, Sukkur.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of gestational trophoblastic disease at GMMMC Teaching Hospital, Sukkur. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GMMMC Teaching Hospital, Sukkur, Pakistan. Period: June 2024 to May 2025. Methods: All clinically or ultrasonographically suspected cases with histopathological confirmation of gestational trophoblastic disease were included. Unconfirmed cases, non-gestational trophoblastic tumors, and records with insufficient data were excluded. Data were collected on a structured proforma and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26. Frequency was calculated from the total obstetric workload and reported with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Among 4,865 obstetric patients, gestational trophoblastic disease was diagnosed in 68 women, giving a frequency of 1.40% (95% CI: 1.10-1.77), equivalent to approximately 1 in 71 obstetric patients. The mean age was 26.7 ± 5.4 years. Most patients were 20-30 years of age (61.8%) and 55.9% were multigravida. Complete hydatidiform mole was the predominant diagnosis (67.6%), followed by partial hydatidiform mole (25.0%) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (7.4%). Vaginal bleeding was the commonest presentation (89.7%). A snowstorm appearance on ultrasonography was noted in 64.7% of cases. Suction evacuation was performed in 92.6% of patients; three women received methotrexate-based chemotherapy and two underwent hysterectomy. No maternal death was recorded. Conclusion: The frequency of gestational trophoblastic disease at GMMMC Teaching Hospital, Sukkur was 1.40%. Early ultrasound assessment, routine histopathological confirmation, timely uterine evacuation, and documented beta-human chorionic gonadotropin surveillance are essential for safe management and follow-up.