CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

STUDY ON PATTERNS OF ANEMIA IN RELATION TO GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR) IN PATIENTS

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is usually related with anemia and the level of anemia
correlates with the severity of renal failure. A chronic kidney disease is complicated by
anemia and anemia may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes. No large-scale population
data are available for patients with chronic kidney disease regarding prevalence of anemia,
subpopulations at risk, and relationships between anemia and renal dysfunctionObjectives:The
objective of this study is to determine the frequency of different patterns of anemia in relation
to glomerular filtration rate in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease stage II and above
patients.Material &Methods:Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting:Medical and
Nephrology wards of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad / Jamshoro. Period:20th January
2013 to 19thDecember 2013.Results:During the study period, total 339 patients of chronic
kidney disease with stage II and above patients were enrolled. The mean age + Standard
Deviation and range) of patients was 50.65 + 11.86 (16 to 80 years, n = 339). 211(62.2%) were
male and 128(37.8%) were female. (Male to Female Ratio 1:6). Mean Hemoglobin + SD was
7.16 + 3.89 (3.0 to 17.0 g/dL). The frequency of anemia was present in 285(84.1%) patients
with mean Hb+ SD 6.02 + 2.1 (g/dL). The mean weight + SD was 56.50 + 9.84 (40 to 81 kg).
The mean serum creatinine + SD was 5.63 + 2.48 (0.9 to 12.0 mg/dL) and we observed that
most frequent pattern of anemia was normocytic-normochromic anemia in 216(77.0%) patients,
hypochromic-microcytic in 61(18.0%) and macroyctic in 17(5.0%) patients. We also found that
as anemia increased progressively with declining GFR with mean hemoglobin concentration
of 11.78 +2.8 g/dL in CKD stage 2, 10.14 + 3.6 g/dL in CKD stage 3, 6.8 + 3.6 g/dL in CKD
stage 4, 7.44 + 4.0 g/dL in CKD stage 5.Conclusion: Frequency of anemia increases with
the progression of stage of chronic kidney disease (decreased GFR) and anemia was most
common in stage 5 patients of chronic kidney disease.Most frequent pattern of anemia is
normocytic normochromic anemia.