Comparison of the hemodynamic parameters of magnesium sulphate versus control group receiving normal saline in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the haemodynamic parameters between magnesium sulphate and control group (experiencing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum) with normal saline. Study Design: Quasi-Experimental Study. Setting: Department of Anesthesia CMH Lahore. Period: 16-05-2025 to 16-11-2025. Methods: The sample size was 60 (30 in each group) patients aged between 18 and 50 years old who were ASA II or I, and underwent an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Group A received intravenous magnesium sulphate (30 mg/Kg in 100 ml saline), and Group B received 100 ml of normal saline. Haemodynamic parameters were measured at premedication, postmedication at baseline, and at different periods during the operation, until the removal of the tube (HR and MAP). The SPSS 25.0 was applied to analyze the data; an independent sample t-test was applied with a p-value of less or equal to 0.05. Results: The gender distributions were the same in both groups; 40.0% of the members of Group A were male and 36.7 were female. In the Group B, the percentages were 60.0 and 63.3. The baseline of Group B of 99.0 ± 7.7 mmHg of the mean artery pressure (MAP) was similar to Group A 98.2 ± 7.4 mmHg (p = 0.64). After premedication, the MAP in group A was significantly lower (93.4 ± 6.9 vs. 97.8 ± 7.1 mmHg; p = 0.01) and this lower MAP continued to be observed during all the great periods. Group A recorded a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 100.5 ± 7.8 mmHg after intubation and Group B reported a 112.6 ± 8.3 mmHg mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p < 0.001). All the differences, p-value (less than 0.001), were preceded by pneumoperitoneum (98.8 ± 7.6 vs. 110.2 ± 8.0 mmHg), 10 minutes (97.3 ± 7.2 vs. 109.3 ± 7.8 mmHg), 30 minutes (94.5 ± 6.6 vs. 105.8 ± 7.3 mmHg), and after extubation (92.3 ± 6.0 vs. 101.8 ± 6.8 mmHg). Conclusion: The perioperative hemodynamic stability of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is enhanced by the magnesium sulphate, which prevents the increase in heart rate and mean arterial pressure.