Diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients versus diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients.

Abstract

Objectives: To find out severity of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic versus diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients in type II diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Comparative study. Setting: KDA Teaching Hospital Kohat. Period: March 2017 to December 2020. Material & Methods: This comparative study focused on severity of diabetic retinopathy was conducted on only type II diabetic patients versus type II diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients. Two groups A for diabetic and B for diabetic with co-morbid hypertension patients were made. Proper proforma of diabetic age and severity of diabetic retinopathy was designed for record. First 200 patients with only diabetes mellitus comprising of 123(61.5%) male and 77(38.5%) female were registered in group A and first 200 diabetic patients with co-morbid hypertension comprising of 97(48.5%) male and 103(51.5%) female were registered in group B. Proper informed consents obtained from all patients. Both A and B groups were subdivided into A 1 with diabetic age upto 10 years had 105(52.5%) patients, A 2 with diabetic age 11-20 years had 60(30%) patients, A 3 with diabetic age > 20 years had 35(17.5%) patients and B 1 with diabetic age upto 10 years had 117(58.5%) patients, B2 with diabetic age 11-20 years had 55(27.5%) patients and B3 with diabetic age >20 years had 28(14%) patients. Results: Group A. A 1 had 9(8.57%) patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A 2 had 13(21.66%) with non-proliferative and 4(6.66) % with proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. A 3 had 15 (42.85%) non-proliferative and 16(45.71%) proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. Group B. B 1 had 14(11.96%) patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. B 2 had 16(29.09%) with non-proliferative and 10(18.18%) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. B 3 had 12(42.85%) non-proliferative and 14(50)% proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is adversely affected by co-morbid hypertension.