Stringent glycemic control is still the key to evade diabetic retinopathy.

Authors

  • Syed Munawar Alam Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Sagheer Ahmed Liaquat College of Medicine Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Shazia Bano Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Pakistan.
  • Shahneela Perveen Dow International Medical College, DUHS, Karachi, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29309/TPMJ/2020.27.05.4077

Keywords:

Determinant of Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Retinopathy, Glycemic Control

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the major determinants of diabetic retinopathy. Study Design: Cross sectional, case control study. Setting: Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Period: March 2015 to April 2016. Material & Methods: Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Board of JPMC. A total of 208 people including type 2 diabetic patients and healthy control subjects; of male gender, aged between ≥30 years and ≤ 60 years were recruited and assigned to four study groups. Each group comprise of 52 individuals, depending on the ophthalmoscopy findings, i.e. healthy controls, diabetic without retinopathy (NDR), diabetic with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and diabetic with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Fasting blood sugar was estimated using GOD-PAP method, while HbA1c was estimated by HPLC method. Data was analyzed on SPSS software version 16. Results: Diabetics with Diabetic Retinopathy had a poor glycemic control as compare to Diabetics without Diabetic Retinopathy (FBS; 109.12 ± 13.81 vs. 184.29 ± 40.07 vs. 188.6 ± 47.68 vs. 217.06 ± 62.33; p-value = 0.001) (HbA1c; 6.73 ± 0.56 vs. 8.40 ± 1.77 vs. 9.71 ± 1.85 vs. 14.91 ± 3.87; p-value = 0.001). For Diabetic Retinopathy the odds ratio of glycemic control i.e. FBS was observed as 1.019 & HbA1c was recorded as 1.561; which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Glycemic indicators; including FBS and HbA1c, are found to be the major determinants of Diabetic Retinopathy in our study.

Author Biographies

Syed Munawar Alam, Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.

MBBS, M.Phil

Assistant Professor Biochemistry

 

Sagheer Ahmed, Liaquat College of Medicine Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.

MBBS, M.Phil

Associate Professor Biochemistry

 

Shazia Bano, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Pakistan.

MBBS, M.Phil

Demonstrator Biochemistry

 

Shahneela Perveen, Dow International Medical College, DUHS, Karachi, Pakistan.

MBBS, M.Phil

Assistant Professor Physiology

 

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Published

2020-05-10